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Head-On Collision Injuries in Illinois: Causes & Fault

Sun 22 Feb, 2026 / by / Car Accidents

Last Updated: October 25, 2026

Section 2-1116 measures the injured person’s own share. 625 ILCS 5/12-603.1(c) provides that failure to wear a seat safety belt in violation of that section shall not diminish any recovery for damages arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or operation of a motor vehicle.

The Share of Fault

735 ILCS 5/2-1116 diminishes damages when the plaintiff’s contributory fault is not more than 50 percent of the proximate cause, and it bars recovery when that share is more than 50 percent. The source is P.A. 103-1053, effective December 20, 2024. The section does not assign fault to one driver because that driver crossed a center line.

A Seat Belt

Section 12-603.1(c) provides that failure to wear a seat safety belt in violation of this Section shall not be considered evidence of negligence, shall not limit the liability of an insurer, and shall not diminish any recovery for damages arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or operation of a motor vehicle. The source is P.A. 97-16, effective January 1, 2012; P.A. 97-333, effective August 12, 2011; and P.A. 98-451, effective August 16, 2013.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does crossing the center line decide the whole case?

It is one fact in the section 2-1116 measurement. The section does not make that fact the whole case.

Does failure to wear a seat belt diminish the recovery?

No. Failure to wear a seat safety belt in violation of section 12-603.1 shall not be considered evidence of negligence, shall not limit the liability of an insurer, and shall not diminish any recovery for damages arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or operation of a motor vehicle.

Does a 50 percent share bar recovery?

No. A share that is not more than 50 percent diminishes the damages. A share that is more than 50 percent bars recovery.

When does section 13-202 require the action to be filed?

735 ILCS 5/13-202 requires the actions it covers to be commenced within 2 years next after the cause of action accrued. That two-year sentence does not cover damages resulting from first-degree murder or a Class X felony when the perpetrator is convicted of that crime. The source is P.A. 99-90, effective January 1, 2016. 735 ILCS 5/13-211(a) lets a person who was under 18 when a cause specified in sections 13-201 through 13-210 accrued bring the action within 2 years after attaining 18. That subsection does not state a general delayed-discovery exception.

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